Coordinating and Subordinating Conjunctions

Use conjunctions correctly for the Digital SAT. Join clauses with FANBOYS, although, because, and while for proper sentence structure.

Conjunctions join words, phrases, or clauses. Using them correctly creates clear, grammatically sound sentences. The Digital SAT tests your ability to choose the right conjunction and punctuate accordingly.

Core Concepts

Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS)

For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So

Join two independent clauses with a comma + FANBOYS:

"The experiment was long, but the results were worth it."

Subordinating Conjunctions

Although, because, since, while, if, when, after, before, unless, until, whereas...

Create a dependent clause that cannot stand alone:

"Although the weather was bad, the event continued."

"The event continued although the weather was bad."

(Comma after the dependent clause when it comes first; no comma when it comes second.)

Choosing the Right Conjunction

  • Contrast: but, yet, although, however, whereas
  • Cause: because, since, for
  • Addition: and, also, moreover
  • Condition: if, unless, provided that

Strategy Tips

Tip 1: Determine the Logical Relationship

Are the clauses contrasting, adding, explaining cause, or showing condition?

Tip 2: Match Punctuation to Conjunction Type

FANBOYS: comma before. Subordinating conjunction at the start: comma after the dependent clause.

Tip 3: Avoid Double Conjunctions

"Although it rained, but we went" is wrong. Use one conjunction, not two.

Key Takeaways

  • FANBOYS join independent clauses with a comma.

  • Subordinating conjunctions create dependent clauses.

  • Choose the conjunction that matches the logical relationship.

  • Comma placement depends on whether the dependent clause comes first.

  • Don't use two conjunctions for the same relationship.

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